Fiber optic cable functions as a "light guide," guiding the light introduced at one end of the cable through to the other end. The light source can either be a light-emitting diode (LED)) or a laser. They are used to illuminate areas that are too small or too hazardous to permit the installation of a light bulb. for restricting the spatial region in which light can propagate. Usually, a waveguide contains a region of increased refractive index, compared with the surrounding medium (called cladding). Throughout the discussions on the practical issues associated with the application of this technology, the explanations focus. Fiber Optic Light Guides are used to transmit illumination provided by fiber optic illuminators for a number of imaging or microscopy applications. Common types of optical waveguides include optical fiber waveguides, transparent dielectric waveguides made of plastic and glass, liquid light guides, and liquid waveguides.
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